With the Iranian Islamic revolution of 1979 the system led by the Pahlavi dynasty was overturned according to the dictates of Ayatollah Khomeini, revolutionary leader and Supreme Head of the country until his death in 1989.
After the March Referendum, on July 7, 1980, the government of Tehran imposed the principle of Islamic supremacy in the country, officially making Iran an Islamic State based on the religious precepts contained in the sacred text of Sharia. The system of government that was established, thanks above all to the great "anti-westernization" and "anti-modernization" propaganda supported by Khomeini, took the name of "velayat-e-faqih", or "government of the jurisconsult", a government to guide whose Islamic jurist is recognized.
Article 2 of the Constitution (Qanun-e Asasi), approved bythe Referendum after the Revolution, specifies how the Islamic Republic of Iran is founded on faith for the only God Allah, on his exclusive sovereignty and legislative power, to which all citizens must submit. Article 4 instead specifies how all the articles of the Constitution, the laws and regulations of the Republic must comply with the Islamic precepts contained in the Sharia.
The Supreme Leader in charge for life, represented by Ali Khamenei since 1989, is the most symbolic institutional figure in the country. He decides the general political direction of the Republic. The President of Iran, now Hassan Rouhani, is instead elected on a four-year basis and is responsible for implementing the constitutional precepts and guiding the executive in office. The unicameral Iranian Parliament is made up of 290 members, elected every four years by universal suffrage. After the Revolution, a body of revolutionary guards was also established in 1979, a kind of army loyal to Khomeini's new leadership.
Religion continues to affect enormously every side of the life of Iranian citizens: from love, family, food to behavioral values and acts deemed illegal or not.
Giulia Geneletti
Laureata con lode in Scienze Politiche presso l'Università degli Studi di Milano, curiosa, intraprendente e sempre motivata da nuove avventure ed esperienze. Ha svolto diverse esperienze lavorative, formative e di volontariato in Italia e all'estero. Si interessa di politiche pubbliche, relazioni internazionali, comunicazione politica, affari europei e di consulenza.
Giulia è entrata nella community di Mondo Internazionale nel Giugno 2019 ed ha da allora ricoperto diversi ruoli sia di redazione che di direzione. Ad oggi è Direttore di Mondo Internazionale HUB, all'interno del quale ha dato vita al progetto di MIPP, l'Incubatore di Politiche Pubbliche di Mondo Internazionale.
Graduated with honors in Political Science from the University of Milan, curious, proactive and always motivated by new adventures and experiences. She has had several work, training and volunteer experiences in Italy and abroad. She is interested in public policy, international relations, political communication, European affairs and consultancy.
Giulia joined the Mondo Internazionale community in June 2019 and has since held various editorial and management roles. To date she is Director of Mondo Internazionale HUB, within which she gave life to the project of MIPP, the Public Policy Incubator of Mondo Internazionale.