The context in which we place ourselves is that of the second half of the 90s. We are in Eastern Europe, and specifically in the autonomous province of Kosovo, at that time part of the Union of the Republics of Serbia and Montenegro since the end of the Second World War.
Starting in the 1980s, the situation in the province became increasingly problematic, just as the feeling of a near conflict became increasingly perceptible.
When in 1989 the Serbian government decided to revoke the status of autonomous province in Kosovo, to install Serbian officials and to close autonomous schools, it at the same time fomented the nationalist movements that had already begun to claim independence in the province. Soon the province, made up mostly of citizens of Albanian origin, began the Resistance, first in unwanted form and shortly thereafter also in armed form.
What follows will be remembered in the years as the Kosovo War, affecting the years from 1996 to 1999. The conflict was very bloody, characterized by constant abuses and violations of human and political rights towards the population of Kosovo.
With the intensification of the international community's interest in the situation and the continued unraveling of the Union towards the possibility of peaceful negotiation, on March 24, 1999, NATO (Organization of the North Atlantic Treaty) intervened against Serbia thus leading his first armed attack on an independent sovereign country. The operation took the name of Allied Force and had the aim of strategically stopping the armed and violent advance of Serbia, while at the same time trying to reopen the diplomatic route to possible agreements.
This operation was highly controversial due to the NOT received official confirmation to approve this intervention by the United Nations Security Council.
The operation lasted more than two months and saw Europe and Italy particularly involved, active in attacking the Serbian military presence in Kosovo by air and sea.
With the surrender of Serbia, the bombing ended and so did the war. The parties agreed to withdraw the Belgrade armed forces from Kosovo and establish the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), a United Nations interposition force.
During the conflict, more than 8,000 died, while over 300,000 Albanian citizens who decided to emigrate to Central Europe.
Kosovo proclaimed itself independent on February 17, 2008, 93 states recognized its independence, while 95 others did not, including primarily Serbia, which still stands claiming the country's membership status.
Giulia Geneletti
Laureata con lode in Scienze Politiche presso l'Università degli Studi di Milano, curiosa, intraprendente e sempre motivata da nuove avventure ed esperienze. Ha svolto diverse esperienze lavorative, formative e di volontariato in Italia e all'estero. Si interessa di politiche pubbliche, relazioni internazionali, comunicazione politica, affari europei e di consulenza.
Giulia è entrata nella community di Mondo Internazionale nel Giugno 2019 ed ha da allora ricoperto diversi ruoli sia di redazione che di direzione. Ad oggi è Direttore di Mondo Internazionale HUB, all'interno del quale ha dato vita al progetto di MIPP, l'Incubatore di Politiche Pubbliche di Mondo Internazionale.
Graduated with honors in Political Science from the University of Milan, curious, proactive and always motivated by new adventures and experiences. She has had several work, training and volunteer experiences in Italy and abroad. She is interested in public policy, international relations, political communication, European affairs and consultancy.
Giulia joined the Mondo Internazionale community in June 2019 and has since held various editorial and management roles. To date she is Director of Mondo Internazionale HUB, within which she gave life to the project of MIPP, the Public Policy Incubator of Mondo Internazionale.